ILO Working Paper 96

ILO global analysis of generative AI and jobs

Why it matters: It provided an early global UN evidence base on the labour-market distribution of generative-AI impacts.

The International Labour Organization assessed occupational exposure to across countries and income groups. It found that clerical work had the highest exposure and concluded that job transformation was more likely than full job elimination. The report also identified substantial gender differences in exposure because women are overrepresented in clerical work in many economies.

What this means for

Just curious / new to AI

It provided an early global UN evidence base on the labour-market distribution of generative-AI impacts.

Pick a role above and this becomes the reading for that desk: what it means, what to watch, and a line you can use.

Development & Policy

So what
Aim AI support where labour-market disruption hits first: clerical work, with gendered effects, and plan for job transformation, not mass-elimination stories.
Watch for
Track how country teams, labour ministries and UN partners use this cross-country, cross-income exposure evidence in jobs, skills and social-policy talks.
Use it
Cite ILO Working Paper 96: clerical work has the highest exposure, and job transformation is more likely than full job elimination.

Human Rights

So what
An early UN evidence base sharpens labour-rights analysis: clerical work faces the highest generative-AI exposure, women are more exposed in many economies, and transformation beats full job elimination.
Watch for
Track AI-and-work discussions that use this distributional picture, especially clerical exposure and gender differences.
Use it
Cite ILO Working Paper 96 to press for due diligence on occupation- and sex-based impacts, not just job-loss claims.

Front Office

So what
Shift your labour-and-AI line from job-loss hype: ILO finds clerical work has the highest exposure, and job transformation is more likely than full elimination.
Watch for
Any brief on clerical work, women’s employment, or cross-country and income-group impacts; this is the evidence base.
Use it
Cite ILO Working Paper 96 (21 August 2023). Safe line: “Job transformation is more likely than full elimination, with the highest exposure in clerical work and clear gender differences.”

Peace & Security

No Peace & Security reading was written for this one: it was judged to sit outside that desk. It provided an early global UN evidence base on the labour-market distribution of generative-AI impacts.

Data & Digital

No Data & Digital reading was written for this one: it was judged to sit outside that desk. It provided an early global UN evidence base on the labour-market distribution of generative-AI impacts.

OPGA

No OPGA reading was written for this one: it was judged to sit outside that desk. It provided an early global UN evidence base on the labour-market distribution of generative-AI impacts.

Builders

No Builders reading was written for this one: it was judged to sit outside that desk. It provided an early global UN evidence base on the labour-market distribution of generative-AI impacts.

Permanent Missions

No Permanent Missions reading was written for this one: it was judged to sit outside that desk. It provided an early global UN evidence base on the labour-market distribution of generative-AI impacts.

How other roles read this

Development & Policy

So what
Aim AI support where labour-market disruption hits first: clerical work, with gendered effects, and plan for job transformation, not mass-elimination stories.
Watch for
Track how country teams, labour ministries and UN partners use this cross-country, cross-income exposure evidence in jobs, skills and social-policy talks.
Use it
Cite ILO Working Paper 96: clerical work has the highest exposure, and job transformation is more likely than full job elimination.

Human Rights

So what
An early UN evidence base sharpens labour-rights analysis: clerical work faces the highest generative-AI exposure, women are more exposed in many economies, and transformation beats full job elimination.
Watch for
Track AI-and-work discussions that use this distributional picture, especially clerical exposure and gender differences.
Use it
Cite ILO Working Paper 96 to press for due diligence on occupation- and sex-based impacts, not just job-loss claims.

Front Office

So what
Shift your labour-and-AI line from job-loss hype: ILO finds clerical work has the highest exposure, and job transformation is more likely than full elimination.
Watch for
Any brief on clerical work, women’s employment, or cross-country and income-group impacts; this is the evidence base.
Use it
Cite ILO Working Paper 96 (21 August 2023). Safe line: “Job transformation is more likely than full elimination, with the highest exposure in clerical work and clear gender differences.”

Sources

Details

Significance
Star
Track
Development & Rights
Character
AGENCY
Duty station
Geneva
Body
ILO
Takes written
3 of 8

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